Photographic shutter.



W. F. FOLMER.

PHOTOGRAPHIC SHUTTER.

APPLIUATION FILED JAN.24, 1907.

932,381 y Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

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W. I. FOLMER.

PHoToGRAPHm SHUTTER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN* 24, 1907. 932 ,38 Patented Aug. 24, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Vel Rochester, in the UNITED STATES PATENT @FFTCEO WILLIAM F. FOLMEB., OF ROCHESTER,l YORK, ASSGNR, EEESNE ASSGNHENTS, T@ 'EAST- MAN KODAK COMPANY, F RGCHESTER, NEW YRE, A CEJPQRATEON 0F NEW rnoroenarnie entraran.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 2e, 19nd,

Application led January 2a, 1997. i Serial No. 353,777.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, WILLIAM F. FoLMnn, county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Photographic Shutters; and l do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this speciiication, and tothe reference-numerals marked thereon.

My present invention relates to `photography and more particularly to photographic shutters and it has for one of its objects to provide a simple and eiiicient shutter oi the roller blind type andan operating device therefor having improved shutter actuating means that place both the duration and the extent of exposure effected by the shutter under the direct control of the operator up to the very instant the exposure is made and subject to change during the period of enposure.

To these and other ends the invention consists in certain improvements and combinations oi parte, all as will be hereinafter more iiully explained, the novel features heing pointed out in the claims at the end oi the speciiication.

ln the drawings: Figure l is a front elevation oi a photographic shutter constructed in accordance 'with my present invention.. Figs. 2 and 3 represent rear elevations oi the shutter and its exposure mechanism, the curtain being` in closed and open positions respectively. Figs. 4' and' represent sections on the line az-x of Fig` l, showing the curtain in closed and open positions respectively. 6 represents a section on the line 6 6 oi lfig. 2, showing the curtain-operating deru'ces, and Figs. 7 and 8 are detail viewsoiC the shutter manipulating device.

Similar reference numerals in the several iigures indicate similar parts.

The photographic shutter shown in the present embodiment of my present invention is oi the roller blind type, and may be placed either in the focal plane oi the lens or at any other suitable point between the lens and the sensitized material, and it comprises in the present instance .a casing l adapted te Serin a chamber ier the shutter mechanism, the

latter comprising a pair of rollers 2 and 3 rotatably mounted on parallel axes at opposite sides of the shutter casing and having a ilexible curtain or blind 4 passing over them. This curtain in the present form is composed of a single strip oi ilexible opaque material formed into a loop and extending over and between the two rollers described, and having its ends brought together and fastened as Well as being secured at an intermediate point to the rollers as at the points en. The loo ed curtain thus arranged is provided Wit exposure apertures and 6 each of a size corresponding substantially to thev area oi the exposure opening oi the shutter, and arranged on opposite si'des of the loop of the curtain so that when the latter occupies the position shown in Fig. 1l, the solid portions of the curtain extend from their respective rollers inwardly past the center oi the exposure opening oi tie shutter, their inner edges overlap ing as shown in 4l, in order to eiiiectua ly eutoii the light, While when the rollers are rotated in an o posite direction, until the curtain occupies position shown in l? ig. 5, the two openings oi the curtain will register and permit passage oi light to odset the exposure.'

ln order to insure the complete cutting or? oi the light, it is preferable that those portions ci the curtain forming the opposite sides oi the ioorfextending between the rollers should lie closely together, or in su estantially the same plane, and this is accomplished by placing guides or rollers as v7 3 adjacent to each roller, and just beyond r edge or" the exposure opening oi the shut' There is thus provided in the opaque portions oi the'curtain, two parts movable relatively toward and 'from each other that de- 'line 'the actual exposure opening at any one .actuation oi the shutter, said relative movenient being effected and controlled through the connection oi the parts with one oi one rollers. lt is sometimes both desirable and convenient that the movements oi the shutter inembers be under the direct control oi' the operator the instant of exposure, and ve. e to ineet conditions occu at that time instead ci being iniluenced by mechanical means auch Worlr with predetermined precision .and require time for e therefore prefer to employ o erating mechanism for the 4curtain whic is manually operated and controls in'this manner both the time and extent vof the ex osure, and in the present instance such 'mec anism comprises an operating cord 9 passing over a pulley 10 on the shaft of one of the rollers having a spring 11 attached to one end thereof and normally tending to turn the rollers to close the curtain, and having its other end attached to a cord orV flexible member 12 passing out through an a crture in the casing, and through a hol ow 'flexible member or conductor 13,-the latter being composed in the present instance, of a hehcally-wound wire 14, provided withV a braided covering and through which the operating cord is longitudinally movable. This hollow conductor isfastened at one end to the shutter casing by an attaching plate 15, and. its free end is rovided with devices for actuating the cord ongitudinally relatively thereto 'comprising a guiding portion or tube. 16 which is attached thereto in a manner that will prevent relative longitudinal movement between these parts. The guiding ortion is provided with a longitudinal s ot 17 having a notch or recess 18 in one of the lateral walls thereof, the u er wall of this notch or recess being inc ned or formed'with a camlilre surface as at 19 which leads back into the longitudinal slot 17. f 0n this guiding portion is mounted a slide or o eratin portion 20 connected vwith the cor 12 an provided with a iiange or :linger-engaging portion 21 at its upper end and having a screw or projection 22 thereon extending into the slot 17 ofthe guiding ortion and adapted to engage in the notch w en the-slide and guiding portion are relativelyl turned', and the upper end of the guiding portion is preferably provided with a ange or thumb piece 23 arranged to coperate with that of the slide rating portion.

or oe "Y'hen 1t 1s desirable to produce an exposure of any of the usual extents or dura'- tions, the thumb of the operator is placed on Yec the head 23`of the sleeve and theange 21 is engaged by the ingers'and a sli ht pressure will move thesel arts from tie position shown in Fig.- 7 to t e position shown in Fig.

8, excepting that the projection 22 will re main in line with the slot 17.` ,This movejment serves to open the shutter, and by releasing the hold on the sleeve, the latter will spring back to normal position under the tension of the spring 11, and this serves to' immediately close the curtain. tvwill' thus be seen that the curtain is at all times under the direct control of the operator, and the time or extent of the'exposuremay be varied instantly as circumstances dictate. For instance, should the shy suddenly become clouded just at the moment the .shutter is opened `with the intention et is1 1|- g al,` brief senesi time exposure, the operator can wait alittle longer thanI he originally intended before releasing the actuating members in his hand that cause the closing of the shutter aperture and the termination of the exposure, and the plate will be' saved, whereas, with curtainshutters constructed with exposure openings after the former has been operated a suiii-r 'cient' distance for the lpro ection 22 thereon to enter the recess or notc 18, which is 0H- set from the slot 17 of the sleeve, and this will serve to retain the shutter inlopen osition without the necessity of retaining a old on the operating device, and in closing the shutter, it is merely necessary to draw the sleeve 20 toward the head 23 and release it, as the projection 22`coperating with the inclined rear cam 19, leading from the recess, will turn thesleevc until theprojection is again in line lwith the slot 17, and this will permit closing movement of the shutter.

A shutter constructed in accordance with my present invention'may be manufactured ata slight cost and possesses the advantages of the focal plane or roller blind type of shutand-this can be accomplished without- Y ter, and the novelarrangement .of the curl tain enables a com aratively rapid exposure Yof the shutter releasing evices as sometimes occurs by reason of exhaustion of air from i the bulb in pneumatically operating devices.

l claim as 'my invention:

1. 1n a hotographic shutter, the combination wi a sultable casing, rollers mounted therein, and a curtain having relatively movable portions defining the exposure opening adapted to be operated by said wit a given speed of move-- rollers tocontrol the exposure, of an operating cord extendingaround the shaft of one of said rollers, aspring attachedte one end of said cord and normally operatmg to close the curtain, and relatively movable operating members connected to the other end of i said cord and to the casing respectively.-

2. ln a hotographic shutter, the combination with) a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein, and a curtain having relatively movable portions deiining the exposure opening adapted to be operated by said rollers to control the exposures, of an operating cord extending around the shaft of one of said rollers, a spring attached to one end of said cord and normally operatin to close the curtain by rotating the rol er shaft through themedium of the cord, and operating means connected tothe other end of said cord.'

3. In a photographic shutter, the combination with a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain, having relatively movable portions delining the ex osure opening, operated by one of said rol ers to control the exposures, of operating devices embodying a pair of relatively longitudinally movable members,'one of the latter being secured to the casing, and the other being operatively connected to said operating roller, a device for moving one of said members longitudinally relatively to the other and means for holding said members in lixed relation to retain the exposure mechanism in a predeterminedposition.

4. ln a hotographic shutter, the combination with) a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain,l having relatively movable portions defining the ex osure opening, operated by one of said rol ers to control the exposures, oi operating devices embodying a hollow flexible conductor fixed at one end to the casing, a cordmovable longitudinally ot said conductor and operatively engaging said operating rr ler, devices on said cord for moving it relatively to the conductor to operate the exposure mechanism, `and means for holding said cord and conductfor in fixed relations.

5. ln a photographic shutter, the combination with a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain, having relatively movable portions dei'ining the exposure opening, operated by one oi said rollers to control the exposures, of operating devices embodying a pair ol relatively longitudinelly movable members, one oi the latter being vsecured and the other being opera-y tively connected to said operating roller, o erating devices connected respectively to the said members, means for retaining said devices in predetermined -fixed lrelation to hold the shutter in open position and means for releasing said devices and permitting the closing oi the shutter.

o. ln a photographic shutter, the combination with a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain, having relatively movable portions denning the exposure Opening, operated by one of said rollers to control the enxposures, of operating mechanism therefor embod ing a pair of longitudinally movable lexilile members, one of the latter being operatively connected to said operating roller, a gpiimgportion .connectf i ntoone of said members having a longitudinal slot therein and a lateral notch or recess in one of the Walls of the latter7 aslide attached to the other member and movable on said guiding portion anda projection on said slide adapted to cooperate with said slot and also With said recess oi said guiding portion.

7. .ln a photographic shutter, the combination with a casing and parts carried thereby movable relatively toward and from each other to deiine' the exposure opening, of operating mechanism for said parts comprising bers, one operatively connected with one of the parts and the other to the casin and devices for actuating one of said mem ers relatively to the other comprising portions attached to each respectively and movable relatively to each other in one direction to actuate the members and in another to lock the latter and hold the parts in a predetermined relative position. S. ln a hotographic shutter, the combination witg a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain having relatively movable portions defining the exposure opening operated by one oi said rollers to control the exposures, of operating mechain ism therefor com rising a hollow :flexible conductor, a corel) movable longitudinally therein and operatively connected to the operating roller, a tube carried by said conductor having a longitudinal slot thcreinand a recess in one Wall leading into said slot and a sleeve connected with the cord to operate longitudinally ci the tube and having a progection cooperating with the slot and recess or" the latter.

9. ln a photographic shutter, the combination with a suitable casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain having relatively movable portions deiining the exposure control the exposure opening, of operating mechanism therefor comprising a hollen1 :flexible conductor, a cord movable longitudinally therein and operatively connected 'to the operating roller, a tube at the end ol' said conductor provided with a laterally extending iinger portion and with a longitudinal slot having recess in one wall, said recess being arranged to `form a cam suma-ce leading therefrom into the slot and a sleeve connected with the cord to operate longitudinally oi the tube and provided with laterally extending linger portion and with a projection cooperating with the slot and recess the tube.

tWo relatively longitudinally movable mem.

opening operated by one oi' saidrollcrs to 10. In a photograhic shutter, the combination with a suitab e casing, rollers mounted therein and a curtain having relatively movable portions defining the ex osure opening adapted to be operated by sald rollers tocontrol the exposure, of a flexible operating cord or member extending around the shaft on one of said rollers and adapted to operate the latter in one direction and an extensible spring connected with the casing 10 at one end and having a flexible connection at the other Wound around the roller to operate the latter in the reverse direction.

WILLIAM I". FOLMER.

Witnesses:

CLARENCE A. BATEMAN, ELIZABETH I. ALDRICH. 

